Ensuring future reliability of the North-American power grid

By Bruno De Wachter / Published on Thu, 2008-01-17 08:30
       

The NERC 2007 Long-term Reliability Assessment

Last October, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation published its '2007 Long-term Reliability Assessment'. The conclusions of this study are more than a little alarming. The North-American grid is ageing rapidly and it is no longer adequate to cope with today’s energy landscape, containing large quantities of renewable energy systems. Transmission capacity continues to lag behind demand and will need to increase by more than 10 per cent over the next 10 years. According to the Assessment, there is also the need to develop reliable storage capacity to better manage demand.

The cost of building a high capacity, integrated, and smart grid system is estimated to be $100-150 billion. However, the economic impact associated with a failing grid would quickly amount to the same order of magnitude.

Increasing the capacity of transmission lines

Both the transmission and distribution grids in North-America require substantial restoration and innovation. On the transmission grid, the main need is to enforce the capacity to transport large quantities of renewable electricity generated in remote areas to the load centres. The question here is who is going to take the risk and start building first: the utilities with renewable energy systems or the grid operators with new transmission lines?

High performance transmission technologies would certainly be welcomed in helping to realize this capacity enhancement. One such technology is High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission, which is especially efficient in transporting large quantities of power over long distances. Although not a new concept, it has not been used in the U.S. up to now. A completely new technology is the 'armchair quantum wire'. This type of wire — consisting of aligned carbon nano-tubes — is several times thinner, lighter, stronger and more efficient than aluminium wires. It commercialization however, is still 10 to 15 years away.

Increasing the control facilities of the distribution grid

The distribution grid needs be upgraded so that large numbers of small renewable energy systems can be installed. It needs to become a 'smart grid' in order to better control the electrical energy injected back into the grid at the local level. One way to do so is to create semi-autonomous microgrids containing local generation, a set of users, preferably with controllable loads, and a reliable storage capacity. But right now, no one knows when the first reliable, large scale storage systems will become commercially available.

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Comments

Smart grid a "bright" idea

By Aaron Handford / Published on Sun, 2008-01-20 4:47

I think the "smart grid" system is a great partial solution to this. Companies and individuals everywhere can be their own "mini power stations" using renewable energy systems such as photo voltaics. Solar Energy Host, for example is a web hosting company whose servers are powered directly by solar energy; they actually put more energy into the grid than they remove.

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Leveraging Smarter Distribution Grids

By Anand Presharwi / Published on Sun, 2008-02-10 1:19

Building intelligent energy grids wont cost nearly as much if we leverage our networks. Look at what happening now in Australia, this is a good model to follow..

For over a hundred years power providers have essentially relied on their customers to notify them of power outages. Without any automated-detection system in place, power companies don’t know the power is out until a customer notifies them. This will change with the deployment new wireless sensors from a company based in Australia.

Telepathx Ltd, a wireless sensor developer based in Victoria, Australia, recently announced that the release of their new product will make this inherent dependency on energy customers a notion of the past. Telepathx Ltd is among the leading industry developers of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in Australia.

The long-awaited release of Telepathx’ Pinpoint intelligent cutout sensor uses the company’s enhancements to radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to provide utility companies with the instant communications they need to pinpoint electrical outages. With Pinpoint sensors in place on a smart power grid, should a failure occur the power utility is notified within seconds of the precise location of the power failure including the specific device and cabling that have failed.

Power failure reporting at this level of precision has never before been attainable, but now with AMI technology taking shape throughout Australia, these sensors can be used that will minimize power outages to an absolute minimum.

According to April Sommers, an energy analyst, “Statistically 84% of all power outages or blackouts in urban and outer urban settings are caused by falling tree limbs or animals that come in contact with the overhead power lines, this intelligent cutout fuse technology can’t stop that from happening, but what it will do is provide an instantaneous notification to energy providers reducing the report and response times of faults from hours to mere seconds, something entire communities will benefit from.”

Previously, a power company could remain unaware of a power outage for minutes or even ours until telephoned customer complaints give a general idea where the issue is happening. Pinpoint sensors will greatly enhance a utility’s ability to respond to problems and enhance their ability to efficiently dispatch work crews to fix the problem.

Smart power grids will effectively manage themselves and notify the proper authorities when necessary. Sommers adds, “reducing customer minutes off supply or CMOS is what these guys [Pinpoint sensors] do best, forget about managing apparatus with streams of data or waiting for calls to come in; this reactive technology teaches the network to manage itself and alert authorities when something’s amiss.”

Telepathx general manager Mike Walsh confirms that “In addition to bringing intelligence to energy networks the multi purpose machine to machine (M2M) wireless sensor networks being developed by the company would for starters monitor fire ignitions, auto collisions, floods, mudslides, asset tracking and consumer/industrial alarm systems, reading water, gas and electric meters or AMR/AMI services would follow.”

It’s very clear that the ongoing effort to develop smart meter technology has very far reaching effects in efficiency, monetary savings, and enhanced public safety. Smart meters will reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere, but will have many other consequential benefits once the items become commonplace.

James Eades, CEO of Telepathx, adds, “This communications aggregation platform was designed and developed to consolidate the fragmented communications services that exist in our urban areas, and will benefit entire communities not just the energy sector; essential service providers such as police, emergency services, transportation networks operators, utilities even sewerage plants and M2M operators would benefit from leveraging services off the platform.”

Commenting on the Pinpoint sensors, Eades said “We have developed what many are calling the optimal model for building out the intelligent distribution grid; for the simple reason that our platform goes well beyond managing energy assets to generate revenues the day it’s installed not decades. Currently we are also exploring opportunities with several smart meter manufacturers on the issue of converging and leveraging of each others platform, a move that will make meters more intelligent than ever imagined.”

Pinpoint sensors integrated into smart meters and home appliances have the potential to create home area networks (HANs) capable of remote control of appliances in the home by either the individual consumer or the power company. RFID technology operates over radio frequencies, eliminating the need to install computer equipment that other wireless technologies require.

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smart grid investment & distribution control

By James Eades / Published on Wed, 2008-04-30 3:35

Bruno

The current generation of smart meters has left a giant hole in distribution automation. Ourselves and many switchgear OEMs have looked at the platform and just see one big wasted opportunity.

Next generation smart meters will be able to monitor every asset on the distribution grid for faults events and conditions. They will also be able to generate revenues all on there own.

And this is what we are providing Meter and BPL / PLC OEMs.

Next generation will pay its own way, and not be so focused on a single use.

James Eades Telepathx Australia

(edited by site admin)

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