By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Fri, 2008-09-26 20:25
Adequacy Reference Margin (ARM) is the part of Net Generating Capacity that should be kept available at all time to ensure the security of supply on the whole period each reference point is representative of.
Adequacy Reference Margin in an individual country is equal to Spare Capacity plus the related Margin Against Peak Load.
Source: UCTE System Adequacy Methodology
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2008-05-07 11:35
The crest value of an impulse that, under specified conditions, can be applied without causing a disruptive discharge.
Source: UIE Guide to Quality of Electrical Supply for Industrial Installations, Part VI: Transient and Temporary Overvoltages and Currents
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2008-05-07 11:34
The highest value of voltage attained by an impulse of a designated wave shape and polarity applied across the terminals of a surge protective device prior to the flow of discharge current.
Source: UIE Guide to Quality of Electrical Supply for Industrial Installations, Part VI: Transient and Temporary Overvoltages and Currents
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2008-05-07 11:11
A disruptive discharge around or over the surface of a solid or liquid insulator.
Source: UIE Guide to Quality of Electrical Supply for Industrial Installations, Part VI: Transient and Temporary Overvoltages and Currents
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2008-05-07 11:09
The time integral of the power dissipated in a clamping type surge protective device during a current surge of a specified waveform.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Fri, 2008-04-11 21:54
The charges associated with connecting a generator to the distribution or transmission network. These charges can be deep, wherein the generator must pay all costs of connection and reinforcement of the network to enable their connection, or they may be shallow, wherein the generator pays the costs only within the immediate area (or not at all). Considerable variance may occur between these two extremes.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Fri, 2008-04-11 21:52
A method of using the heat that is produced as a by-product of electrical generation and that would otherwise be wasted. The heat can be used for space heating of buildings (usually in district or community heating schemes) or for industrial purposes. Utilising the heat in this way means that 70-85% of the energy converted from fuelstuffs can be put to use, rather than the 30-50% that is typical for electrical generation alone. Co-generation schemes can be relatively small scale, for use at the level of a factory or hospital, or can be major power stations.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Fri, 2008-04-11 21:50
A range of services necessary to the efficient running of the electricity system which are outside the basic needs of energy, generating capacity, and power delivery. Some of these (such as regulation and reactive power) are required during normal operations to maintain the necessary balance between generation and load in real time and maintain voltages within the required ranges. Other ancillary services (such as contingency reserves) provide insurance to prevent minor problems from becoming major catastrophes.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 16:00
The maximum level of instantaneous electricity demand experienced by a grid within a certain time period. Peak load can be defined for periods as short as an hour or day. The annual peak load on a grid (maximum load level for the entire year) will determine its overall power capacity requirements.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 15:59
A set of existing power plants whose output is reduced in response to a project activity. These power plants are the last to be switched online, or the first to be switched offline, during times when the project activity is operating, and which would therefore have provided the project activity’s generation in the baseline scenario.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 15:57
A type of power plant that operates according to the availability of its primary energy source (e.g., wind, solar, run-of-river hydro, geothermal, and other generators whose primary energy source is not controlled by the operator).
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 15:55
The entity responsible for implementing procedures to dispatch a set of power plants in a given area to meet demand for electricity in real time. The precise institutional nature of the grid operator will differ from system to system. The grid operator may be alternately referred to as a “system dispatcher,” “control area operator,” “independent system operator,” or “regional transmission organization,” etc.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 15:53
A system of power transmission and distribution (T&D) lines under the control of a coordinating entity or “grid operator,” which transfers electrical energy generated by power plants to energy users – also called a “power grid.” The boundaries of a power grid are determined by technical, economic, and regulatory-jurisdictional factors.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 15:49
A contractual arrangement involving a third party — in addition to the energy supplier and the beneficiary of the energy efficiency improvement measure — that provides the capital for that measure and charges the beneficiary a fee equivalent to a part of the energy savings achieved as a result of the energy efficiency improvement measure. That third party may or may not be an ESCO.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 15:47
A contractual arrangement between the beneficiary and the provider (normally an ESCO) of an energy efficiency improvement measure, where investments in that measure are paid for in relation to a contractually agreed level of energy efficiency improvement.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Wed, 2007-10-17 15:44
A natural or legal person that delivers energy services and/or other energy efficiency improvement measures in a user’s facility or premises, and accepts some degree of financial risk in so doing. The payment for the services delivered is based (either wholly or in part) on the achievement of energy efficiency improvements and on the meeting of the other agreed performance criteria.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Fri, 2007-09-21 09:50
The coordination of power plant operations in order to meet the load on a grid. A “dispatchable” power plant is one that can be directly called upon by grid operators to produce power, and whose output can be modulated in response to real-time fluctuations in demand for electricity.
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By Hans De Keulenaer / Published on Fri, 2007-09-21 09:49
The maximum amount of power a power plant can produce under normal operating conditions. (Also called “nameplate” capacity.
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